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Alex News

ALWAYS ON TOP ( Scroll down for recent postings )

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PAM ! Pam-para,pam-pam ! PAM ! PAM !
 

Jun 12, 2011

" Abandon all hope ! You are entering HELL ! "

Stolen from :- http://goo.gl/jKn4q

June 12, 2011

Canadian Boat to Gaza - a video tribut


Double feature!

BTW, did you know the US boat to Gaza is called The Audacity of Hope? [HA Green Room must read

us-boat-gaza.jpg

" Abandon all hope ! You are entering HELL ! "

To see list of passengers on the Audacity click here. <----please click, official website, maybe they will enjoy the above videos!

I am here !

"ARAB SPRING"

by Daniel Pipes
May 31, 2011

"Arab Spring" has taken off as the default description of the turbulence in the Middle East over the past 5½ months; Google shows 6.2 million mentions as opposed to 660,000 for "Arab Revolt" and a mere 57,000 for "Arab Upheaval." But I never use this term, and for three reasons:

1 – It's seasonally inaccurate. The disturbances began in Tunisia on Dec. 17, 2010, at the very tail end of autumn, and the main events took place during the winter – Ben Ali's resignation on Jan. 14, Mubarak's resignation on Feb. 11, the start of the Yemeni disturbances on Jan. 15, the Syrina ones on Jan. 26, the Bahraini and Iranian ones on Feb. 14, and the Libyan ones on Feb. 15. Spring is nearly over and nothing much has happened during the past 2+ months – just more of the same. So, to be accurate, it should be called the "Arab Winter" (which gets 88,000 mentions).

2 – It implies an unwarranted optimism about the outcome. While I note the emergence of a constructive new spirit in Tahrir Square and elsewhere, and appreciate its long-term possibilities, the short-term implications have been impoverishment and thousands of deaths, with the possibility of an Islamist break-through not to be discounted.

3 – Demonstrations in Iran in 2011 have not reached anything like their 2009 proportions, but they did take place in late February and they have the potential to ignite – in which case, their importance would overwhelm anything else taking place in the region. It's a mistake to neglect Iran, where few residents speak Arabic.

So, no "Arab Spring" for me. (And I won't even mention that this term distractedly makes me conjure up a desert oasis.) I prefer a neutral and accurate term like "Middle East upheavals" (87,000 mentions). (May 31, 2011)


Jun 11, 2011

Bubiša - Vesna - Paul



Smart Egyptian ( see the date ! )


It's certainly a negative thing to have a totalitarian regime that oppresses its people. It's even worse to have a society in which the people themselves oppress their fellow citizens if they choose to have opinions that contradicts to what the majority believes in. But it is definitely a disaster to have both, because it seems that you can't fix one you without fixing the other, and at the same time it is almost impossible to fix both simultaneously.


I read two news articles recently that show how the people in Egypt oppress their fellow citizens, or even think they don't have the right to be citizens, just because they choose to be different than the rest of the herd.



The first article talks about 2000 Egyptian citizens (it seems they all happen to be men) who in the past have traveled to work in Israel and over there they also got married to Israeli women, then at some point they returned to Egypt with their Israeli wives, and for some reason that the article doesn't explain, most of them chose to live in one neighborhood in Alexandria, the "Monasra" neighborhood.

So what is the problem?

Mohammed Al-Badrashin, who is a candidate in the current parliamentary elections and also a current member of the parliament, and who happens to be a Nasserist (a follower of Nasser legacy), is running in the electoral circuit that the Monasra neighborhood follows. He presented a request for the Prime Minister Ahmad Nazif, to remove the names of those 2000 Egyptians from the voters list (i.e. making them ineligible to vote), and stated that their votes would be "invalid" simply because they lived in Israel for some time and because they are married to Israeli women.

By the way, the Israeli women in question are from the "1948 Arabs", in other words they are Palestinians who chose to remain within Israeli territory and receive the Israeli nationality after Israel was established in 1948. This means they are probably not Jewish, but if they were, that would have made things in Egypt even worse for them and their husbands.

Not only that, but Al-Badrashin went as far as stating that since it is possible those men have acquired the Israeli citizenship, then Egypt has to renounce “such people", in other words he is saying Egypt need to revoke their citizenship, even though the laws of Egypt allows multinationalities for an individual.

I haven't seen any news about what happened with Al-Badrashin's request, but this shows how this parliament member thinks of his fellow citizens who are excercising their rights, and who chose to live and get married in a country that has a peace treaty with Egypt that was signed 26 years ago. It is not surprising though, probably most people in Egypt will agree with Al-Badrashin's request.



The second article mentions a lawyer, Galal Abdul-Rahman, who claims that the resolutions of the recent Coptic conference in the USA were "unjust" and "unconstitutional", and that the participants in the conference are "working against Egypt" when they demand change in the second article of the Egyptian constitution, or when they demand assigning 15% of parliament seats and public office positions. You can judge by yourself and tell us what you think... the resolutions are located here.

All of that is still not that bad, it's still an opinion that he can express. But that's not all what he did. Abdul-Rahman also filed a lawsuit against the Egyptian president, prime minister, and the minister of interior, demanding that they revoke the Egyptian citizenship from participants in the conference, and saying that they do not deserve to be Egyptians... And again I wouldn't be surprised if many or most of Egyptians agreed with that.



Who said dictatorship or fascism has to come from the government?

And how can we ask a dictatorship to implement democracy if many of the people who demand democracy are the same people who try to throw out those who are different and those who disagree with the “opinion of the people”, and consider them unworthy to be Egyptians to begin with?


http://goo.gl/58Frs

Briliant ideas

Idea #2: LET’S GET OUT OF CAIRO NOW!

I love Cairo. Well, I love Cairo at night. Like maybe from 10 pm till 4 am. The rest of the time, I am starting to hate Cairo: It’s a city overloaded with people (25 million residents, 1/3 of Egypt’s population almost) and Cars, and the centralization of all resources and business on the expense of the rest of the country has not benefitted anyone: The Cairo people are unhappy with how overpopulated and polluted their city is, and complain daily about the hellish traffic, and the rest of the country believes Cairo takes up all the economic development to itself. And the thing is, even when the Cairenes try to leave Cairo, they just go to 6 October or New Cairo, which are Cairo suburbs, and thus Cairo-centric as well, which now means that the traffic isn’t just in Cairo, it’s also facing anyone leaving Cairo, making Cairo a Blackhole of soul-sucking and misery. Let’s change that dramatically by moving entire industries to other areas of the country, and thus creating new cities, new pockets of development, and get people out of Cairo for good and for real this time (none of that 6th of October Crap). For example, let’s move the entire IT and technology industry to the North Coast, and build a huge IT and Technology focused city – our very own Silicon Valley- right behind all of those touristic villages that we only use 3 months a year. That whole area already has paved roads, communication lines, utilities connected to it for those touristic villages, so we will simply need to scale up the existing infrastructure instead of building it from scratch, and it will provide the restaurants, shops and clubs in the area of round the year customers. The IT people will love it, because it takes them out of the city and places them on the beach, the shop owners will love it because it will provide more sources of income for them, the population there will love it because it will mean more jobs whether in construction, factories or companies that will be erected, and the owners will love it because many of them will rent their property all year long instead of a measly 3 months, which will provide them with a higher return on their investments, and a ton of new service-based businesses (banks, car dealerships, retail stores, etc) will open up to serve this new and high-earning population. Another industry we could move elsewhere could be the movie industry, which we could move to Sinai, where huge studios can be built to cater for the Egyptian cinema industry and international cinema companies who will want to film in Egypt instead of Morocco, and thus also hire thousands of people. All the artists, directors, music composers, production people will be moved there, and thus creating the Egyptian Hollywood. And it won’t just be for cinema, it can host the entire media industry, including TV stations, Music companies, and production houses. A city for the arts, on the beach, attracting business and tourism. I would live there, leaving Cairo behind to rot forever! I think you would too.

For more briliant ideas, read here :- http://goo.gl/COAV4


Jun 10, 2011

VIVA LA CONSTITUTION !!!


You know what, Will ?

At the first glance, after this picture popped up on my screen, I burst laughing.
I thought, what a bad luck. A peaceful bunch of people are walking down the street, suddenly they hear their Muezzin from the near by Mosque calling for prayer, and instinctively they turn towards Mecca, fall on their knees and start praying.
Bad Luck... Shit happens... it could have happened to anybody... etc.

But !

After a careful examination of the picture and a short investigation, the facts started popping up on my screen !

1 - These six Muzoids, were on their way from St. Mary's convent after raping and slitting the throats of two Nuns !

2 - They were on their way to the Synagogue on the other side of the town and stopped by to buy a present for the Bar Mitzvah Groom !...
You know, Hormones ... First time ... Manhood ... etc.

3 - The picture states :-

I PISS ON YOU !
IF YOU CALL THE POLICE...
YOU'RE AN ISLAMOPHOBE !
AND WE WILL SUE YOU ,
IN YOUR OWN COURTS !

VIVA LA CONSTITUTION !!!

Jun 8, 2011

An open letter to the people of Egypt

Baha'i Faith in Egypt

The Baha'is of Egypt have been subjected to persecution and systematic oppression. While their quest for equality has been finally heard by many of their fellow citizens, there remain challenges and obstacles to the implementation of laws intended to grant them their full civil rights and equal opportunity in their society. With the emergence of the new Egypt, they are now being given the opportunity to actively engage in rebuilding their nation.


An open letter to the people of Egypt

[English version of a statement issued in Arabic
by the Bahá’ís of Egypt dated April 2011]
April 2011

An open letter to the people of Egypt

Our fellow citizens:

The events of recent months have provided us, the Bahá’ís of Egypt, with an opportunity we have never experienced before: to communicate directly with you, our brothers and sisters. Though small in number, we are privileged to belong to this land wherein, for more than a hundred years, we have endeavoured to live by the principles enshrined in our Faith and striven to serve our country as upright citizens. This chance is one for which we have longed—especially because we have wished to express our thanks to those countless fair-minded, compassionate souls who supported our efforts in the last few years to obtain a measure of equality before the law. But we rejoice primarily in the fact that, at such a critical juncture in our nation’s history, we are able to make a humble contribution to the conversation which has now begun about its future and to share some perspectives, drawn from our own experience and that of Bahá’ís throughout the world, as to the prerequisites for walking the path towards lasting material and spiritual prosperity.

Read the rest ( and the comments !... ) HERE :- http://goo.gl/uxQei

Zionist Pussy-Cat :- " What's for dinner? "

Crazy Egyptian plans to have cage fight with a lion -

that symbolizes Israel

Zionist Pussy-cat :- " What's for dinner? "


Gallup Poll of Egyptians


imra Wed Jun 8 01:37:11 2011 Volume 1 : Issue 651

In this issue of the imra daily Digest:

Re: TOURISM MINISTRY HOSTS ABOUT 40 JOURNALISTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD TO COVER THE ISRAELI OPERA FESTIVAL IN MASADA AND JERUSALEM

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2011 03:48:18 +0300
From: imra@netvision.net.il
To: imra@imra.org.il
Subject: Re: TOURISM MINISTRY HOSTS ABOUT 40 JOURNALISTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD
TO COVER THE ISRAELI OPERA FESTIVAL IN MASADA AND JERUSALEM
Message-ID: <88FE80A3E741457393F7321541C5AB8A@aaronPC>

To: imra@imra.org.il
Subject: Gallup Poll of Egyptians

Gallup Poll of Egyptians

Egyptians' confidence in their political system surged after the revolution, as did their enthusiasm for participating in it, though many express concern about a lack of jobs and an increase in crime.

The world seemed spellbound for 18 intense days in early 2011, as millions watched Egyptian protesters, undeterred by tanks and tear gas, stand firm for their dignity and a better future. Yet the central story began long after the television cameras left Tahrir Square - the historic epic of building a democratic nation atop the ruins of a despotic regime.

This report chronicles the beginning of Egypt's journey toward democracy. The analysis is based primarily on a nationally representative, face-to-face survey of approximately 1,000 respondents in Egypt aged 15 years and older between late March and early April 2011.[1] Gallup plans to continue tracking the nation's pivotal transition on a monthly basis.

In the wake of the revolution that drove President Hosni Mubarak from office, Egyptians expect a bright political and economic future for their country and appear committed to working for it. They envision a representative government where religious principles guide the democratic process, but with clerics limited to an advisory role. No other population Gallup surveys rejects attacks on civilians more than Egyptians, whose faith in peaceful means of change has only increased since unarmed protesters brought down the country's ruler of more than 30 years. This triumph earned Egyptians the admiration of many, including the majority of the American people.

At the same time, Egyptians are less satisfied with their standard of living and the availability of necessities like quality healthcare, good affordable housing, and jobs. They feel their communities have become less safe and less tolerant, and many no longer trust the police. While the country undoubtedly requires strong leadership to forge the path over these hurdles, no political party has the support of more than 15% of the public. Many Egyptians also have little faith in the leadership or intentions of the United States, requiring the superpower to tread carefully when attempting to support Egypt's democratic transition.

Egyptian leaders must deliver on their people's expectations for free and honest elections, building on the success of the constitutional referendum. Economic growth must go hand in hand with political reform to sustain a healthy transition to democracy. To enable this, leaders should consider streamlining and simplifying the process for new business development to create more jobs. Civil society activists and policymakers alike would do well to approach security and community cohesion as a local issue requiring reform of local institutions. Moving from the city to the region, no international issue is more urgent for Egypt than resolving the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.

The most important thing the U.S. can do to support Egypt in its transition to democracy is to protect its ally's political independence by standing for principles, not political parties or people. Moreover, Egyptians are looking to their allies to support concrete projects that address urgent economic needs like healthcare and housing, more than they are seeking "democracy promotion." Egypt, with its size, regional influence, and geographic location, remains a critical ally for the U.S. While a relationship with a democratic Egypt, built on shared values and interests, has the potential to be stronger than ever before, it also requires greater alignment between the views of the U.S. government and the Egyptian people. For this reason, the U.S. must be a partner in ending the decades-long Palestinian-Israeli conflict if it is to secure a sustainable relationship with the new Egypt.

Assets on Which to Build a New Egypt

In the wake of Mubarak's resignation, Egyptians are more positive about their future and their country's political and economic prospects. These positive feelings about the years to come are reflected in how Egyptians rate their lives on the Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale of 0 to 10, where 10 means the best life possible and 0 means the worst life possible today and into the future. Egyptians forecast that, five years from now, their lives will be an average of 5.7 on the life evaluation scale, up from their 4.9 rating in the fall of 2010. Currently, though, Egyptians rate their lives today at a 3.9, down from 4.4 in the fall. This wider gap between their assessments of today and their hopes for tomorrow reflect an optimism Egyptians have lacked for several years.

This may be because most Egyptians now believe their society will become fairer and freer as a result of the revolution, which 83% of the population say they supported. The citizens of the region's largest nation expect evenhandedness at the polls, with 9 in 10 saying they believe the upcoming presidential elections will be fair and honest, and the same proportion of eligible voters saying they will vote. This compares with less than 30% who said they had confidence in elections in 2010.[2] Moreover, 79% of Egyptians now say they think the media will be able to report the news freely, versus 62% who said that before the revolution. Some of that confidence was already evident in the March 19 constitutional referendum, in which 41% of eligible voters participated. That was a big jump from the latter years of Mubarak's rule, when less than one-quarter of eligible voters routinely participated.

Though protesters were more likely to be young, educated, and male, they spanned the demographic spectrum. Their average household income reflected the public at large.

These results are not surprising considering that many Egyptians will expect more freedom after a popular revolution. Perhaps unexpected, though, is the rate at which they are more positive about the economy. Egyptians are three times as likely a month and a half after Mubarak's resignation to say they believe the country's economy is getting better (46%) than they were in the fall of 2010 (15%), despite the economic uncertainty created by political upheaval. Egyptians are also more likely now than in late 2010 to say they think they can get ahead by working hard (93% versus 81%). And Egyptians are half as likely now (11%) as before the revolution (23%) to say they would move permanently to another country if given the opportunity - by far the lowest percentage among Egypt's regional economic peers.[3]

Fewer Egyptians want to migrate

Egyptians are more likely now than in the fall of 2010 to say they would like to continue living in their country, despite a decline in their perceived standard of living. This is a departure from a trend seen from 2008 through 2010, when Egyptians' desire to stay permanently in their home country moved in lockstep with how satisfied they were with their standard of living. The change from fall 2010 to spring 2011 in desire to stay in Egypt reveals a level of commitment to the country that hasn't been evident in the recent past.

The willingness of Egyptians to take a longer view could benefit the national economy, driving consumer confidence upward and making citizens more apt to invest in Egyptian stocks and deposit their money with Egyptian banks. Moreover, 69% of Egyptians now say they have confidence in the country's financial institutions, compared with 43% before the revolution. However, the high expectations for economic improvement leave the country's new leaders with little margin for error. Eighty-two percent of Egyptians say it is very important that economic conditions improve, according to the Pew Research Center. If the hoped-for economic improvements do not materialize, it could create a great deal of discontent among the population.

A place for religion in the new democracy

Egyptians are clearly eager to take on the challenges and burdens of democracy. Freedom of speech has been a top political aspiration of Egyptians for years, and it remains so in the wake of the revolution. Ninety-two percent of Egyptians say they would include freedom of speech as a provision if they were drafting a new constitution for a new country. Sixty-seven percent of Egyptians say the same about freedom of religion, and 55% say it about freedom of assembly. In a Pew Research Center survey conducted after Mubarak's resignation, 64% of Egyptians said the country should use some form of democratic government to solve its problems, versus the 34% who said the country would be better off relying on a strong leader.[4]

At the same time, religion remains important to most Egyptians (96%), and 92% say they have confidence in religious institutions. It is not surprising, then, that many Egyptians reject the idea that government should carry on its business without considering religious doctrine. Shortly before the revolution, most people in the country believed that Islamic religious principles, in the form of sharia, should factor into the country's legislation.

Egyptians, however, express little interest in recreating their country in the image of Iran, as has been the fear among some Western commentators. Less than 1% say the Islamic Republic should be Egypt's political model, and most Egyptians think religious leaders should provide advice to government authorities, as opposed to having full authority for determining the nation's laws. The majority of residents in the Arab world's most populous nation desire a democracy informed by religious values, not a theocracy.

Rejecting violence, including among faiths

Egyptians are the most likely people of any country in the world to say the targeting and killing of civilians is never justified (97%). Not only do Egyptians reject civilian attacks on moral grounds, but most also believe peaceful means are effective for correcting injustice. During the five years that Gallup has been conducting surveys in the country, the majority of Egyptians have said they believe that peaceful means alone are sufficient to improve the circumstances of oppressed groups. With the success this year of the Egyptian revolution, Egyptians' confidence in non-violent means of change has surged.

With the disappearance of the Mubarak police state, there has been a perceived rise in violent crime in Egypt. However, the violence, including a sectarian street fight in May 2011 that left six Muslims and six Christians dead near the Church of St. Mina in Cairo, may reflect the criminal actions of a few as opposed to evidence of a generally intolerant society.

Egyptians rank near the top of all populations in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) when it comes to welcoming religious diversity. Two-thirds of Egyptians say they would have no objections if someone of another faith moved in next door to them, second only to Lebanon in the region. Additionally, 78% of Egyptians are at least tolerant of (if not integrated with) other religious faiths.[5] Among other MENA countries, only Lebanon is less isolated along religious lines.

American support for the revolution

Media coverage of the Egyptian uprising, with millions of people peacefully demonstrating in Tahrir Square despite the presence of tanks, won the respect and admiration of the U.S. public. Surveying conducted during the second week of the conflict, found that 82% of Americans were sympathetic to the protesters - including 87% of those following the situation in Egypt closely.[6] In fact, roughly the same portions of the American and Egyptian public had this view. The percentage of Americans who said they had a favorable opinion of Egypt declined toward the end of the protests, as Americans saw the regime use force against peaceful protesters - it fell to 40% shortly before Mubarak officially resigned from his post as Egypt's president.[7] According to an April 2011 survey conducted by the Program on International Policy Attitudes (PIPA), however, Americans' overall favorable opinion of Egypt bounced back, with 60% of the U.S. public saying it had a favorable opinion of Egypt,
and 70% saying the same about the country's people. This is comparable to the percentage of Americans who said they had a favorable opinion of Israel (69%), and much higher than those who said the same about Syria (32%).[8]

Clearly, the door is open to greater cooperation between Egypt and the U.S., something that is important to both nations and could certainly be valuable to Egypt's new leadership, once in place. That said, Egypt-U.S. cooperation also faces some significant challenges.

Challenges to Positive Change

A leadership void throughout the country

In the weeks after Mubarak's resignation, the euphoria about being free of an increasingly corrupt and repressive government gave way to concerns about the sudden void in political leadership. The void is evident in the fact that currently no group in Egypt has emerged as a viable political party. Specifically, Egyptians are most likely to voice support for the Muslim Brotherhood, but not at a level much higher than that for Mubarak's deposed National Democratic Party. This makes it likely that Egypt's next parliament will need to create a coalition unity government, which could lead to deadlocks and may end up slowing the legislative process. However, a patchwork parliament would also require all parties to make compromises, lowering the risk of any one group imposing its views without challenge, as was the case with the former ruling party.

Post-Mubarak Egypt is also concerned with its economy. At the city or local community level, where people live and work, Egyptians are twice as likely to say the economy is getting worse now than they were one year ago. Meanwhile, a large majority of Egyptians (81%) continue to say now is a bad time to find a job.

Economic woes, perceived surge in crime plague neighborhoods

Two issues contributing to Egyptians' concerns about their local economy are their perceptions about the availability of good affordable housing and quality healthcare. Gallup research finds Egyptians rate the availability of both worse now than before the revolution.

The lack of good affordable housing and quality healthcare, in addition to the difficulty finding jobs, aren't the only problems plaguing Egypt's cities and towns. Satisfaction with local leadership at the community level is also lacking. The percentage of Egyptians who say they approve of the leadership in their city or area has fallen to 28% from 47% two years earlier. This finding is perhaps not a surprise, as most local governments were appointed by a now-discredited regime.

The biggest institutional void, or at least the one producing the most consequences at the moment, is in the area of law enforcement.

During the uprising in early 2011, protesters destroyed many police stations, lashing out at a hated symbol of Mubarak's rule. However, with the police force humbled and diminished in number, Egyptians see their streets as less secure. Almost two in five people now say they don't feel safe walking alone at night in the city or area where they live. The percentage is twice as large as it was last year.

It is worth noting, however, that according to Gallup's spring 2011 survey, there was a slight decline in the percentage of Egyptians reporting incidences of theft and assault. This could be the result of greater civic engagement, which studies suggest is associated with lower crime rates.[9] If this is indeed the case, increased fear may be due to a greater media focus on crime and violence.

Distrust of U.S. leadership and motivations

With the exception of a few months before and after U.S. President Barack Obama spoke at Cairo University in June 2009, Gallup surveys find Egyptians' approval of American leadership at or below 20%.[10]

At this critical juncture in their history, Egyptians are apprehensive about possible U.S. interference in their political affairs. About two-thirds of Egyptians disagree that the U.S. is serious about encouraging democratic systems of government in MENA. While that percentage is lower now than in 2009, when three-quarters of Egyptians expressed such skepticism, it still implies that a majority of Egyptians distrust American motives. Additionally, 68% of Egyptians think the U.S. will try to exert direct influence over Egypt's political future as opposed to letting the people of the country forge that future for themselves.

Egyptians overwhelmingly oppose the U.S. sending aid to political groups in their country. Surprisingly, this is especially the case among those who look to America as a political example. While 75% of the general public opposes U.S. aid to political groups, 88% of Egyptians who favor a U.S. model for their country say the same. This suggests that a refusal of financial assistance to political groups points not to a rejection of American political principles, but rather to a hunger for self-determination - unsurprisingly more strongly voiced by those wishing to emulate America.

This desire for political independence may explain Egyptians' discomfort with accepting U.S. financial aid. Even among Egyptians who think their country should look to the U.S. system of democracy as a model, 43% oppose the idea of accepting economic aid from the U.S. The level of opposition is higher among Egyptians as a whole (52%). This is especially noteworthy considering Egyptians' immediate economic challenges, suggesting that they are rejecting aid out of suspicion rather than lack of need.

Which country would you consider to be a political model for Egypt’s future government?

Do you favor or oppose the U.S. sending aid to political groups in Egypt?

Among those who see U.S. as model for Egypt: Favor 10% Oppose 88%

General public: Favor 13% Oppose 75% u

Differences on foreign policy with respect to Israel, Iraq, and Afghanistan also loom as major stumbling blocks in Egypt-U.S. relations. Three months after the revolution, Egypt stepped in and played a key role in brokering reconciliation between Hamas and Fatah, the two Palestinian factions. It was a foreign policy initiative that alarmed U.S. officials, but one that is likely popular among Egyptians, 54% of whom would like to see their country annul the peace treaty it entered into with Israel more than 30 years ago.[11]

America's application of pressure on Israel with respect to settlements in the West Bank and its withdrawal from Iraq and Afghanistan are potential policy moves that would significantly improve Egyptians' opinion of the U.S.

Below is a list of possible actions that the Unitd States could take. for each one, I am interested in knowing if this action would very significantly improve your opinion of the United States

% Yes

Pressure Israel to stop the expansion of Israeli settlements in the West Bank 68%

Withdraw U.S. forces from Iraq 66%

Withdraw U.S. forces from Afghanistan 60%

Recommendations for Egypt

Egyptian leaders - whether in government, civil society, or the private sector - should move quickly to lay the foundation for an improved economic and political future. Here are some things they can do.

Build on the success of the referendum vote to carry out and build public trust for transparent and fair elections. The elevated level of civic participation - 9 in 10 Egyptians say they expect the next elections to be honest and fair, and that they will vote in them - bodes well for the fledgling democracy. It also means that leaders can expect a significant public backlash if voters don't get the type of elections they expect.

Judiciary monitoring was used in the March referendum, and with 80% of Egyptians saying they have confidence in the judicial system, leaders should take advantage of this monitoring again in the upcoming elections. Other ways that leaders can make the upcoming elections successful are by having the military (which has the confidence of 94% of Egyptians) provide security, and by using television to educate citizens and encourage them to vote.

Create jobs and encourage new business development so that more can share in the country's macroeconomic success. One of the major problems with Egypt's economy is that its growth tends to not benefit the majority. This was evident before the revolution, when Egypt's per capital gross domestic product grew by 5% in 2010, but just one-fifth of Egyptians said they believed economic conditions were getting better.[12] To address this problem, Egypt should take steps to facilitate entrepreneurship.

a.. Shortening, streamlining, and simplifying the process of starting a business
b.. Launching a national campaign to generate new ideas for a business
c.. Pairing the top submissions with business leaders as mentors
d.. Leveraging international matching investments to provide seed capital for a select number of ideas
e.. Increasing security so that the tourism industry - crucial to Egypt's economy - rebounds
Improve inter-religious cohesion by focusing on national unity and citizenship equality, rather than pushing for a "secular state." Leaders must address the highly publicized recent clashes between Muslims and Christians, but it is important to do so in the right way. For instance, a rebuilt (and more trusted) local police force will improve overall security. Civil society for its part should provide opportunities for greater citizen cooperation at the neighborhood level, building trust and lowering the perception of security issues.

It bears repeating, the majority of Egyptians support freedom of worship, understand the need to coexist with those of other faiths, and oppose terrorist violence. These societal assets are already in place. Leaders, including civil society activists, should call on those values to emphasize the principles of citizen equality and national unity. An attempt to marginalize religion, or to push for a secular state through constitutional reform, as a means to decrease sectarian tensions will likely encounter stiff opposition and create greater division. Moreover, demonizing Islamist groups is likely to further strain interfaith relations. For example, Egyptians may not think the Muslim Brotherhood should run the country, according to Gallup research, but 75% of Egyptians have a "somewhat favorable" or "favorable" opinion of the organization, according to the Pew Research Center.[13]

Reform local governments and institutions. While Egyptians are optimistic about the national economy and political system, current views of their local communities are much more negative. Egyptians believe that economic conditions in those communities are worsening, and they see their immediate cities and towns as intolerant and increasingly less secure.

To address these local shortcomings, leaders should do three things:

a.. Transition from government appointments to direct elections. Elections for local governors and mayors can take place quickly following national elections.
b.. Study the feasibility of creating local police forces to replace national police and rebuild trust. As part of this, it may make sense to allow towns to elect their own police chiefs.
c.. Build on the success of recent community policing, in which citizen groups in many Egyptian neighborhoods took to the streets to provide protection against gangs. Community leaders should create new opportunities for local cooperation, such as regular neighborhood volunteer projects, to increase community cohesion. Studies suggest that greater civic participation and personal connections between neighbors can significantly reduce crime rates.[14]
Work tirelessly to end the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The status quo of Palestinians not having a homeland, living in poverty, and struggling for dignity is not acceptable to Egyptians, as is evident in the desire many Egyptians have to see the Camp David peace accords with Israel annulled. Egyptian leaders will almost certainly find themselves under more pressure on matters relating to the Palestinians. While maintaining its international obligations, the Egyptian government must build on its successful mediation of Palestinian unity and continue to take constructive steps toward resolving the conflict.

Harness Egypt's positive image with the American public to forge a new relationship with the U.S., built on mutual respect and mutual interest. This will position Egypt to play an important peacemaking role in the region. It is also the best way to forge important trade and investment relationships and refuel Egypt's economy.

Recommendations for the U.S.

America's stated goal is to help Egypt transition to a strong and stable democracy, and offer a positive example to the region. American leaders can increase the likelihood of achieving this goal if they implement the following strategies.

Protect the independence of Egypt's political system by supporting democratic principles, not political parties or individuals. Given the impression most Egyptians have, that America tries to shape Middle Eastern politics to its own ends, the United States must tread carefully. In the last two years, the percentage of Egyptians who believe that the U.S. is serious about supporting democracy in MENA has risen somewhat, but two-thirds still disagree. For this minority view to have a chance of becoming more common, U.S. leaders must remain neutral in, and distant from, Egypt's political process. To this end, the U.S. should consider the following:

a.. Reconsider its proposed plan to directly choose and fund Egyptian civil society groups. The vast majority of Egyptians oppose the proposition of U.S. aid to Egyptian political groups. While civil society groups and political groups are not identical, their areas of overlap may be too great at this delicate stage to make a distinction.
b.. Take pains to avoid rhetoric that might be interpreted as anti-religion, such as encouraging Egyptians to form a secular state.
c.. Call for democratic principles in general, and say they should benefit all people. Singling out minority groups for extra protection may backfire.
Invest in favorable trade agreements and concrete, visible projects that directly address a societal need, rather than "democracy promotion." Partly as a result of the March referendum, Egyptians are confident in their ability to hold free and fair elections and aren't looking for the U.S. to provide financial or logistical support for upcoming votes. American dollars are better invested in projects that meet an immediate community need, such as better local housing and healthcare.

U.S. leaders should explore the possibility of a free trade agreement with Egypt, and could work with the Egyptian government to provide greater transparency into how American aid is being allocated. This would go a long way toward addressing Egyptian ambivalence about U.S. assistance.

The recent announcement from White House officials of debt forgiveness for Egypt was a bold step in the right direction.


( Now, add this : )

Work tirelessly to end the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict remains a major point of difference between Americans and Egyptians. Almost 70% of Egyptians say their opinion of the U.S. would significantly improve if it pressured Israel to halt settlement expansion, something many Egyptians believe President Obama committed to in his 2009 address in Cairo. One of the hallmarks of a democracy is that leaders cannot disregard what citizens want. In Egypt's case, this includes an end to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The U.S. must be a partner in ending this decades-long stalemate if it is to secure a close and mutually beneficial relationship with Egypt.

Survey Methods

Gallup is entirely responsible for the management, design, and control of this study. For the past 70 years, Gallup has been committed to the principle that accurately collecting and disseminating the opinions and aspirations of people around the globe are vital to understanding our world. Gallup's mission is to provide information in an objective, reliable, and scientifically grounded manner. Gallup is not associated with any political orientation, party, or advocacy group and does not accept partisan entities as clients.

Results are based on face-to-face interviews in Egypt with approximately 1,000 adults in each survey administration, aged 15 and older, from 2007 to 2011. Surveys took place in July 2007; in 2008, they were conducted April 23-May 18; in 2009, surveys took place March 7-22 and Aug. 11-19; in 2010, they were conducted March 13-23 and Sept. 25-Oct. 26; and in 2011 surveys were conducted March 25-April 2. For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error ranges from ±3.1 to ±3.5 percentage points. The questionnaire was translated into Arabic. The translation process starts with an English version. A translator who is proficient in the English and Arabic languages translates the survey into the target language. A second translator reviews the language version against the original version and recommends refinements.

All other results for countries mentioned in this article are based on face-to-face interviews in 2009 with approximately 1,000 adults, aged 15 and older, in each country. For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error ranges from ±3.3 to ±4.2 percentage points. Surveys in Arab Gulf countries were conducted with nationals and Arab expatriates.

Results from the American public are based on telephone interviews conducted Feb. 2-5, 2011, with a random sample of national adults, aged 18 and older, selected using random-digit-dialing sampling. Interviews are conducted with respondents on landline telephones and cellular phones. Each sample includes a minimum quota of 150 cell phone-only respondents and 850 landline respondents. Landline respondents are chosen at random within each household on the basis of which member had the most recent birthday. For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the maximum margin of sampling error is ±4 percentage points.

The margin of error reflects the influence of data weighting. In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.

Abu Dhabi Gallup Center

The Abu Dhabi Gallup Center is a Gallup research hub based in the capital of the United Arab Emirates. It is the product of a partnership between Gallup, the world's leading public opinion research firm, and the Crown Prince Court of Abu Dhabi.

Building on Gallup's seminal work in the field of Muslim studies, the Abu Dhabi Gallup Center (ADGC) offers unmatched research on the attitudes and aspirations of Muslims around the world. In addition to its worldwide scope, the ADGC focuses on the specific priorities of its regional base and presents innovative analysis and insights on the most important societal challenges facing the United Arab Emirates and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).

[1] Gallup surveys conducted in the United States were with respondents aged 18 years and older, as were surveys conducted in Egypt by other entities cited in this report.

[2] Egypt: The Arithmetic of Revolution, Abu Dhabi Gallup Center, March 2011
http://www.abudhabigallupcenter.com/146888/brief-egypt-arithmetic-revolution.aspx

[3] Middle-income GDP MENA countries include Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Morocco, Libya, and Iraq. Categories based on 2010 estimates of GDP per capita in U.S. dollars provided by the International Monetary Fund.

[4] Egyptians Embrace Revolt Leaders, Religious Parties and Military, As Well, Pew Research Center, April 25, 2011

[5] Gallup categorizes people as either isolated, tolerant, or integrated depending on how they answer five questions, including whether they have learned anything from a person of another faith in the past year and whether they think religions other than their own make a positive contribution to society.

[6] Americans Sympathetic to Egyptian Protesters, Gallup, February 7, 2011
http://www.gallup.com/poll/145979/Americans-Sympathetic-Egyptian-Protesters.aspx

[7] Americans' Views of Egypt Sharply More Negative, Gallup, February 8, 2011
http://www.gallup.com/poll/146003/Americans-Views-Egypt-Sharply-Negative.aspx

[8] The American Public and the Arab Awakening, Program on Internal Policy Attitudes (PIPA) and the Anwar Sadat Chair for Peace and Development at the University of Maryland, April 12, 2011.

[9] Buonanno, P., Montolio, D., and Vanin, P. Does Social Capital Reduce Crime?, 2006.
http://dspace-unibg.cilea.it/bitstream/10446/230/1/WPEco05(2006)Buonanno.pdf

[10] Interestingly, one group of Egyptians more prone to approving of U.S. leaders are those who support the Muslim Brotherhood as a prospective political party. Among Muslim Brotherhood supporters in Egypt, 26% say they approve of U.S. leadership, suggesting the Muslim Brotherhood's reputation for being anti-American doesn't tell the whole story.

[11] Egyptians Embrace Revolt Leaders, Religious Parties and Military, As Well, Pew Research Center, April 25, 2011

[12] Egypt: The Arithmetic of Revolution, Abu Dhabi Gallup Center, March 2011
http://www.abudhabigallupcenter.com/146888/brief-egypt-arithmetic-revolution.aspx

[13] Egyptians Embrace Revolt Leaders, Religious Parties and Military, As Well, Pew Research Center, April 25, 2011

[14] Buonanno, P., Montolio, D., and Vanin, P. Does Social Capital Reduce Crime?, 2006.
http://dspace-unibg.cilea.it/bitstream/10446/230/1/WPEco05(2006)Buonanno.pdf

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Jun 6, 2011

Ruth

Posted 17/5/2010


Ruth

1,1 And it came to pass in the days when the judges judged, that there was a famine in the land. And a certain man of Beth-lehem in Judah went to sojourn in the field of Moab, he, and his wife, and his two sons.

1,2 And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Beth-lehem in Judah. And they came into the field of Moab, and continued there.

1,3 And Elimelech Naomi's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons.

1,4 And they took them wives of the women of Moab: the name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other Ruth; and they dwelt there about ten years.

1,5 And Mahlon and Chilion died both of them; and the woman was left of her two children and of her husband.

1,6 Then she arose with her daughters-in-law, that she might return from the field of Moab; for she had heard in the field of Moab how that the LORD had remembered His people in giving them bread.

1,7 And she went forth out of the place where she was, and her two daughters-in-law with her; and they went on the way to return unto the land of Judah.

1,8 And Naomi said unto her two daughters-in-law: 'Go, return each of you to her mother's house; the LORD deal kindly with you, as ye have dealt with the dead, and with me.

1,9 The LORD grant you that ye may find rest, each of you in the house of her husband.' Then she kissed them; and they lifted up their voice, and wept.

1,10 And they said unto her: 'Nay, but we will return with thee unto thy people.'

1,11 And Naomi said: 'Turn back, my daughters; why will ye go with me? have I yet sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?

1,12 Turn back, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have a husband. If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night, and also bear sons;

1,13 would ye tarry for them till they were grown? would ye shut yourselves off for them and have no husbands? nay, my daughters; for it grieveth me much for your sakes, for the hand of the LORD is gone forth against me.'

1,14 And they lifted up their voice, and wept again; and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law; but Ruth cleaved unto her.

1,15 And she said: 'Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her people, and unto her god; return thou after thy sister-in-law.'

1,16 And Ruth said: 'Entreat me not to leave thee, and to return from following after thee; for whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge; thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God;

1,17 where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried; the LORD do so to me, and more also, if aught but death part thee and me.'

1,18 And when she saw that she was stedfastly minded to go with her, she left off speaking unto her.

1,19 So they two went until they came to Beth-lehem. And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the city was astir concerning them, and the women said: 'Is this Naomi?'

1,20 And she said unto them: 'Call me not Naomi, call me Marah; for the Almighty hath dealt very bitterly with me.

1,21 I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me back home empty; why call ye me Naomi, seeing the LORD hath testified against me, and the Almighty hath afflicted me?'

1,22 So Naomi returned, and Ruth the Moabitess, her daughter-in-law, with her, who returned out of the field of Moab--and they came to Beth-lehem in the beginning of barley harvest.

2,1 And Naomi had a kinsman of her husband's, a mighty man of valour, of the family of Elimelech, and his name was Boaz.

2,2 And Ruth the Moabitess said unto Naomi: 'Let me now go to the field, and glean among the ears of corn after him in whose sight I shall find favour.' And she said unto her: 'Go, my daughter.'

2,3 And she went, and came and gleaned in the field after the reapers; and her hap was to light on the portion of the field belonging unto Boaz, who was of the family of Elimelech.

2,4 And, behold, Boaz came from Beth-lehem, and said unto the reapers: 'The LORD be with you.' And they answered him: 'The LORD bless thee.'

2,5 Then said Boaz unto his servant that was set over the reapers: 'Whose damsel is this?'

2,6 And the servant that was set over the reapers answered and said: 'It is a Moabitish damsel that came back with Naomi out of the field of Moab;

2,7 and she said: Let me glean, I pray you, and gather after the reapers among the sheaves; so she came, and hath continued even from the morning until now, save that she tarried a little in the house.'

2,8 Then said Boaz unto Ruth: 'Hearest thou not, my daughter? Go not to glean in another field, neither pass from hence, but abide here fast by my maidens.

2,9 Let thine eyes be on the field that they do reap, and go thou after them; have I not charged the young men that they shall not touch thee? and when thou art athirst, go unto the vessels, and drink of that which the young men have drawn.'

2,10 Then she fell on her face, and bowed down to the ground, and said unto him: 'Why have I found favour in thy sight, that thou shouldest take cognizance of me, seeing I am a foreigner?'

2,11 And Boaz answered and said unto her: 'It hath fully been told me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother-in-law since the death of thy husband; and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people that thou knewest not heretofore.

2,12 The LORD recompense thy work, and be thy reward complete from the LORD, the God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to take refuge.'

2,13 Then she said: 'Let me find favour in thy sight, my LORD; for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken to the heart of thy handmaid, though I be not as one of thy handmaidens.'

2,14 And Boaz said unto her at meal-time: 'Come hither, and eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar.' And she sat beside the reapers; and they reached her parched corn, and she did eat and was satisfied, and left thereof.

2,15 And when she was risen up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men, saying: 'Let her glean even among the sheaves, and put her not to shame.

2,16 And also pull out some for her of purpose from the bundles, and leave it, and let her glean, and rebuke her not.'

2,17 So she gleaned in the field until even; and she beat out that which she had gleaned, and it was about an ephah of barley.

2,18 And she took it up, and went into the city; and her mother-in-law saw what she had gleaned; and she brought forth and gave to her that which she had left after she was satisfied.

2,19 And her mother-in-law said unto her: 'Where hast thou gleaned to-day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee.' And she told her mother-in-law with whom she had wrought, and said: 'The man's name with whom I wrought to-day is Boaz.'

2,20 And Naomi said unto her daughter-in-law: 'Blessed be he of the LORD, who hath not left off His kindness to the living and to the dead.' And Naomi said unto her: 'The man is nigh of kin unto us, one of our near kinsmen.' 2,21 And Ruth the Moabitess said: 'Yea, he said unto me: Thou shalt keep fast by my young men, until they have ended all my harvest.'

2,22 And Naomi said unto Ruth her daughter-in-law: 'It is good, my daughter, that thou go out with his maidens, and that thou be not met in any other field.'

2,23 So she kept fast by the maidens of Boaz to glean unto the end of barley harvest and of wheat harvest; and she dwelt with her mother-in-law.

3,1 And Naomi her mother-in-law said unto her: 'My daughter, shall I not seek rest for thee, that it may be well with thee?

3,2 And now is there not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing-floor.

3,3 Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the threshing-floor; but make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.

3,4 And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.'

3,5 And she said unto her: 'All that thou sayest unto me I will do.'

3,6 And she went down unto the threshing-floor, and did according to all that her mother-in-law bade her.

3,7 And when Boaz had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of corn; and she came softly, and uncovered his feet, and laid her down.

3,8 And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was startled, and turned himself; and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.

3,9 And he said: 'Who art thou?' And she answered: 'I am Ruth thine handmaid; spread therefore thy skirt over thy handmaid; for thou art a near kinsman.'

3,10 And he said: 'Blessed be thou of the LORD, my daughter; thou hast shown more kindness in the end than at the beginning, inasmuch as thou didst not follow the young men, whether poor or rich.

3,11 And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou sayest; for all the men in the gate of my people do know that thou art a virtuous woman.

3,12 And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.

3,13 Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman's part; but if he be not willing to do the part of a kinsman to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as the LORD liveth; lie down until the morning.'

3,14 And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before one could discern another. For he said: 'Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing-floor.'

3,15 And he said: 'Bring the mantle that is upon thee, and hold it'; and she held it; and he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her; and he went into the city.

3,16 And when she came to her mother-in-law, she said: 'Who art thou, my daughter?' And she told her all that the man had done to her.

3,17 And she said: 'These six measures of barley gave he me; for he said to me: Go not empty unto thy mother-in-law.'

3,18 Then said she: 'Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall; for the man will not rest, until he have finished the thing this day.'

4,1 Now Boaz went up to the gate, and sat him down there; and, behold, the near kinsman of whom Boaz spoke came by; unto whom he said: 'Ho, such a one! turn aside, sit down here.' And he turned aside, and sat down.

4,2 And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said: 'Sit ye down here.' And they sat down.

4,3 And he said unto the near kinsman: 'Naomi, that is come back out of the field of Moab, selleth the parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's;

4,4 and I thought to disclose it unto thee, saying: Buy it before them that sit here, and before the elders of my people. If thou wilt redeem it, redeem it; but if it will not be redeemed, then tell me, that I may know; for there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee.' And he said: 'I will redeem it.'

4,5 Then said Boaz: 'What day thou buyest the field of the hand of Naomi--hast thou also bought of Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of the dead, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance?'

4,6 And the near kinsman said: 'I cannot redeem it for myself, lest I mar mine own inheritance; take thou my right of redemption on thee; for I cannot redeem it.'--

4,7 Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour; and this was the attestation in Israel.--

4,8 So the near kinsman said unto Boaz: 'Buy it for thyself.' And he drew off his shoe.

4,9 And Boaz said unto the elders, and unto all the people: 'Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was Elimelech's, and all that was Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi.

4,10 Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I acquired to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place; ye are witnesses this day.'

4,11 And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said: 'We are witnesses. The LORD make the woman that is come into thy house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel; and do thou worthily in Ephrath, and be famous in Beth-lehem;

4,12 and let thy house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore unto Judah, of the seed which the LORD shall give thee of this young woman.'

4,13 So Boaz took Ruth, and she became his wife; and he went in unto her, and the LORD gave her conception, and she bore a son.

4,14 And the women said unto Naomi: 'Blessed be the LORD, who hath not left thee this day without a near kinsman, and let his name be famous in Israel.

4,15 And he shall be unto thee a restorer of life, and a nourisher of thine old age; for thy daughter-in-law, who loveth thee, who is better to thee than seven sons, hath borne him.'

4,16 And Naomi took the child, and laid it in her bosom, and became nurse unto it.

4,17 And the women her neighbours gave it a name, saying: 'There is a son born to Naomi'; and they called his name Obed; he is the father of Jesse, the father of David. {P}

4,18 Now these are the generations of Perez: Perez begot Hezron;

4,19 and Hezron begot Ram, and Ram begot Amminadab;

4,20 and Amminadab begot Nahshon, and Nahshon begot Salmon;

4,21 and Salmon begot Boaz, and Boaz begot Obed;

4,22 and Obed begot Jesse, and Jesse begot David. {P}



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Jun 4, 2011

Wet Burka Show

"young Jewish-looking Abraham Lincoln"

Was Abe Lincoln a Jewish pawn of the Rothschilds?

He freed the slaves, preserved the Union and pushed major banking reform. That last part still gets people upset

By Andrew Leonard


Was Abe Lincoln a Jewish pawn of the Rothschilds?
"young Jewish-looking Abraham Lincoln"

At Salon, we try to keep abreast of as many currently percolating conspiracy theories as possible. Not only is it good for business -- readers always love a good dose of the crazy -- but in recent years what once could be easily dismissed as irredeemably fringe now pops up in mainstream political discourse with alarming and increasing frequency. One day, you might be deleting an email that seems to be little more than random gibberish, and then before you've caught your breath, a presidential candidate is quoting from that same email while out on the campaign trail.

Even with this background in mind, I still probably should not have engaged with a correspondent who wanted me to write a story about a photograph purported to be of a "young Jewish-looking Abraham Lincoln." When I asked what relevance a revisionist reading of Lincoln's religion or ethnicity might have to the historical record, I was informed that a) "he would want to free the black slaves because his ancestors were traumatized about being slaves in Egypt" and b) "he would try to help the European Jews (Rothschilds) in taking over the United States by starting a war and having Americans fight one another while they take control of our banking system."

News like this can make a person reconsider celebrating Presidents' Day, if you take it seriously, which, initially, I did not. You didn't have to be Jewish to think slavery was an abomination, and what I can glean from the historical record seems to indicate that the Rothschilds thought an American Civil War would be bad for business. But I still felt compelled to do some googling to see if I could get a sense of where the "Abe Lincoln as Jewish Rothschild pawn" ranked on the Birther/911 Truther conspiracy theory Richter scale.

I discovered the usual mish-mash of fabricated quotes and wild anti-Semitic ravings. Maj. Gen. Count Cherep-Spiridovitch to the white courtesy telephone, please! One thing you discover quickly when googling the keywords "Rothschilds" and "Lincoln." Blaming Jews for starting the Civil War has been a popular pastime for a long, long time. And I have to say: It certainly simplifies things to decide that Lincoln himself was just another rootless cosmopolitan in on the plot. Even if the "evidence" for this assertion is less than compelling.

But if you dig a little deeper on the specific accusation that the Rothschild motivation for starting the Civil War was to take over the U.S. banking system, you suddenly find yourself facing a set of concerns that are surprisingly close to the surface of contemporary political discourse involving the national debt and monetary policy.

Because Abe Lincoln didn't just free the slaves and preserve the Union. He also ended the so-called "free banking" era, and established a national currency in which paper notes backed by the U.S. government were by law considered to be legal tender.

Mainstream economic historians tend to portray the "free banking" or "wildcat banking" era as chaotic and prone to banking panics. Loosely regulated by states, and not at all by the federal goverment, banks had the power to issue their own currency, resulting in a proliferation of competing bank notes that sometimes weren't worth the paper they were printed on. From this perspective, the passage of the National Banking Acts in 1863 and 1864 marked a welcome step in the maturation of the U.S. financial system.

But whether or not you accept that explanation of history -- and many, many libertarians, led by Rep. Ron Paul, do not -- there was also another clear reason for the consolidation of central government control over U.S. currency. Lincoln had to find a way to pay for his enormously expensive war, and issuing paper currency theoretically backed by government securities was the method he used to do it.

If you listen to some of the more wild-eyed libertarian voices out there, you will find that it is at this point that America really went off the tracks. Abraham Lincoln centralized government control over the money supply! And freedom died. We lost our bearings during the Civil War and have never managed to find our way back.

So of course he's a traitor! And of course some way must be found to transform him into an alien "other."

Remind you of someone else? Some other president who faced a national emergency, borrowed a lot of cash to deal with it, then pushed through major bank reform legislation and found himself immediately tarred as a Muslim socialist out to destroy a great nation? And who now faces an array of contenders for the White House calling for a return to the gold standard, a balanced budget amendment, and the abolishment of the Federal Reserve? It's all connected, man. Abraham Lincoln, the president who ended slavery, and Barack Obama, the first black president of the United States, are peas in the same pod, both irredeemably stained by the hard fiscal decisions they had to make to save their nation.